High Pressure Die Casting is a manufacturing process where molten metal is injected into a mold cavity at high pressure. The mold, called a die, is typically made from hardened tool steel and consists of two halves: the fixed half and the movable half. The process is characterized by the use of high pressure to fill the mold cavity, which results in high-density parts with fine details and smooth surfaces.

Sand casting is a metal casting process characterized by using sand as the mold material. The process involves pouring molten metal into a sand mold to produce a metal part. The sand mold is created by packing sand around a pattern of the desired shape of the part. Once the metal solidifies, the sand mold is broken away to reveal the finished casting.

Gravity/permanent mold casting is a metal casting process where molten metal is poured into a reusable mold under the force of gravity. This method is used to produce high-quality metal parts with good dimensional accuracy, smooth surfaces, and fine details.

Investment casting, also known as lost-wax casting, is a precision casting process used to create intricate and high-precision metal components. It is widely used in various industries due to its ability to produce parts with excellent surface finish and dimensional accuracy.